Repeats found in the Mus musculus (Mouse) and Homo sapiens (Human) THEG (testicular haploid expressed gene) proteins and several Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) proteins [ (PUBMED:11173852) ].
This repeat is the only conserved part of the THEG proteins from vertebrate spermatids. Both human and mouse THEG are specifically expressed in the nucleus of haploid male germ cells and are involved in the regulation of nuclear functions [ (PUBMED:11173852) (PUBMED:10330110) ]. Although the differential gene expression of THEG in spermatid-Sertoli cell co-culture supports the relevance of germ cell-Sertoli cell interaction for gene regulation during spermatogenesis, THEG was not found to be essential for spermatogenesis in mice [ (PUBMED:12748127) ].
Family alignment:
There are 5460 THEG domains in 993 proteins in SMART's nrdb database.
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Evolution (species in which this domain is found)
Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing THEG domain.
This tree includes only several representative species. The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins with THEG domain is also avaliable.
Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing THEG domain in the selected taxonomic class.
Literature (relevant references for this domain)
Primary literature is listed below; Automatically-derived, secondary literature is also avaliable.
Alternative splicing, chromosome assignment and subcellular localizationof the testicular haploid expressed gene (THEG).
Cytogenet Cell Genet. 2000; 91: 171-9
Display abstract
We have previously isolated and characterized the mouse Testicular HaploidExpressed Gene (Theg) that is specifically expressed in haploid germcells. We now describe the molecular cloning and characterization of thehuman homologue (THEG) of mouse Theg. Expression studies by using both dotblot and Northern blot techniques revealed that human THEG is expressedspecifically in the testis. Additionally, we found two alternativelyspliced transcripts (THEG major and THEG minor) for THEG by using reversetranscription-polymerase chain reaction on human testicular RNA. Sequenceanalysis of these PCR products demonstrated that the smaller transcript(THEG minor) lacks 72 bp which was also observed for the mouse Theg. Wehave isolated the cDNAs of human THEG major and THEG minor, containing thecomplete open reading frames, which encode putative nuclear proteins of379 amino acids and 355 amino acids, respectively. Database searchesidentified two genomic clones on chromosome 19 harboring the human THEGgene, which is approximately 14 kb pairs in size, contains eight exons,and comparison of the two cDNA sequences with the genomic sequenceindicated that the smaller transcript lacks exon 3. Furthermore, weassigned the human THEG gene (THEG) to human chromosome 19ptel--> p13 byfluorescence in situ hybridization. Moreover, we detected mouse THEGprotein prominently in the nucleus of round spermatids by using anantibody against THEG on both testicular sections and cellularsuspensions. Additionally, the subcellular localization of mouse THEG wasconfirmed by a green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein of mouseTHEG which was found mainly in the nucleus of transfected NIH3T3 cells.These data suggest that both human and mouse THEG are specificallyexpressed in the nucleus of haploid male germ cells and are involved inthe regulation of nuclear functions. Copyright 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel
Links (links to other resources describing this domain)
