Letunic et al. (2017) Nucleic Acids Res doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx922
Letunic et al. (2020) Nucleic Acids Res doi: 10.1093/nar/gkaa937

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PA14

SMART accession number:	SM00758
Description:	domain in bacterial beta-glucosidases other glycosidases, glycosyltransferases, proteases, amidases, yeast adhesins, and bacterial toxins.
Interpro abstract (IPR011658):	The PA14 domain forms an insert in bacterial beta-glucosidases, other glycosidases, glycosyltransferases, proteases, amidases, yeast adhesins and bacterial toxins, including anthrax protective antigen (PA). The domain also occurs in a Dictyostelium pre-spore cell-inducing factor Psi and in fibrocystin, the mammalian protein whose mutation leads to polycystic kidney and hepatic disease. The crystal structure of PA shows that this domain (named PA14 after its location in the PA20 pro-peptide) has a beta-barrel structure. The PA14 domain sequence suggests a binding function, rather than a catalytic role. The PA14 domain distribution is compatible with carbohydrate binding [ (PUBMED:15236739) ].
Family alignment:	View or CHROMA formatHMM/Web logoCLUSTALW formatMSF formatFASTA formatPIR format

There are 10451 PA14 domains in 9320 proteins in SMART's nrdb database.

Click on the following links for more information.

• Evolution (species in which this domain is found)

• Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing PA14 domain.

  This tree includes only several representative species. The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins with PA14 domain is also avaliable.

  Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing PA14 domain in the selected taxonomic class.

• Literature (relevant references for this domain)

• Primary literature is listed below; Automatically-derived, secondary literature is also avaliable.

  • Rigden DJ, Mello LV, Galperin MY
  • The PA14 domain, a conserved all-beta domain in bacterial toxins, enzymes, adhesins and signaling molecules.
  • Trends Biochem Sci. 2004; 29: 335-9
• Metabolism (metabolic pathways involving proteins which contain this domain)

• Click the image to view the interactive version of the map in iPath

  % proteins involved KEGG pathway ID Description 25.86 map00500 Starch and sucrose metabolism 25.86 map00940 Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis 25.86 map00460 Cyanoamino acid metabolism 5.17 map00530 Aminosugars metabolism 3.45 map00604 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - ganglioseries 3.45 map00511 N-Glycan degradation 3.45 map00531 Glycosaminoglycan degradation 3.45 map00603 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globoseries 3.45 map01032 Glycan structures - degradation This information is based on mapping of SMART genomic protein database to KEGG orthologous groups. Percentage points are related to the number of proteins with PA14 domain which could be assigned to a KEGG orthologous group, and not all proteins containing PA14 domain. Please note that proteins can be included in multiple pathways, ie. the numbers above will not always add up to 100%.

• Structure (3D structures containing this domain)

• 3D Structures of PA14 domains in PDB

  PDB code	Main view	Title
  1acc		ANTHRAX PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN
  1t6b		Crystal structure of B. anthracis Protective Antigen complexed with human Anthrax toxin receptor
  2j42		low quality crystal structure of the transport component C2-II of the C2-toxin from Clostridium botulinum
  2xjp		X-ray structure of the N-terminal domain of the flocculin Flo5 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in complex with calcium and mannose
  2xjq		X-ray structure of the N-terminal domain of the flocculin Flo5 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
  2xjr		X-ray structure of the N-terminal domain of the flocculin Flo5 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in complex with calcium and Man5(D2-D3)
  2xjs		X-ray structure of the N-terminal domain of the flocculin Flo5 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in complex with calcium and a1,2-mannobiose
  2xjt		X-ray structure of the N-terminal domain of the flocculin Flo5 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in complex with calcium and Man5(D1)
  2xju		X-ray structure of the N-terminal domain of the flocculin Flo5 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with mutation S227A in complex with calcium and a1,2-mannobiose
  2xjv		X-ray structure of the N-terminal domain of the flocculin Flo5 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with mutation D201T in complex with calcium and glucose
  2xvg		crystal structure of alpha-xylosidase (GH31) from Cellvibrio japonicus
  2xvk		crystal structure of alpha-xylosidase (GH31) from Cellvibrio japonicus in complex with 5-fluoro-alpha-D-xylopyranosyl fluoride
  2xvl		crystal structure of alpha-xylosidase (GH31) from Cellvibrio japonicus in complex with Pentaerythritol propoxylate (5 4 PO OH)
  3abz		Crystal structure of Se-Met labeled Beta-glucosidase from Kluyveromyces marxianus
  3ac0		Crystal structure of Beta-glucosidase from Kluyveromyces marxianus in complex with glucose
  3mhz		1.7A structure of 2-fluorohistidine labeled Protective Antigen
  3q8a		Crystal structure of WT Protective Antigen (pH 5.5)
  3q8b		Crystal structure of WT Protective Antigen (pH 9.0)
  3q8c		Crystal structure of Protective Antigen W346F (pH 5.5)
  3q8e		Crystal structure of Protective Antigen W346F (pH 8.5)
  3q8f		Crystal structure of 2-Fluorohistine labeled Protective Antigen (pH 5.8)
  3tew		Crystal Structure of Anthrax Protective Antigen (Membrane Insertion Loop Deleted) to 1.45-A resolution
  3tex		Crystal Structure of Anthrax Protective Antigen (Membrane Insertion Loop Deleted) to 1.7-A resolution
  3tey		Crystal Structure of Anthrax Protective Antigen (Membrane Insertion Loop Deleted) Mutant S337C N664C to 2.06-A resolution
  3tez		Crystal Structure of Anthrax Protective Antigen Mutant S337C N664C and dithiolacetone modified to 1.8-A resolution
  4ahw		Flo5A showing a heptanuclear gadolinium cluster on its surface
  4ahx		Flo5A showing a trinuclear gadolinium cluster on its surface
  4ahy		Flo5A cocrystallized with 3 mM GdAc3
  4ahz		Flo5A showing a heptanuclear gadolinium cluster on its surface after 60 min of soaking
  4ai0		Flo5A showing a heptanuclear gadolinium cluster on its surface after 9 min of soaking
  4ai1		Flo5A showing a heptanuclear gadolinium cluster on its surface after 19 min of soaking
  4ai2		Flo5A showing a heptanuclear gadolinium cluster on its surface after 41 min of soaking
  4ai3		Flo5A showing a heptanuclear gadolinium cluster on its surface after 60 min of soaking
  4ee2		Crystal Structure of Anthrax Protective Antigen K446M Mutant to 1.91-A Resolution
  4gq7		Crystal structure of Lg-Flo1p
  4h2a		Crystal structure of wild type protective antigen to 1.62 A (pH 7.5)
  4i3g		Crystal Structure of DesR, a beta-glucosidase from Streptomyces venezuelae in complex with D-glucose.
  4lhk		4LHK
  4lhl		4LHL
  4lhn		4LHN
  4nam		1.7A structure of 5-Fluoro Tryptophan Labeled Protective Antigen (W206Y)
  5fr3		5FR3

• Links (links to other resources describing this domain)

• PFAM	PA14
  INTERPRO	IPR011658

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