Enolase_C

Enolase, C-terminal TIM barrel domain 		Enolase_C
SMART accession number:SM01192
Description: -
Interpro abstract (IPR020810):

Enolase (2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolase) is an essential, homodimeric enzyme that catalyses the reversible dehydration of 2-phospho-D-glycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate as part of the glycolytic and gluconeogenesis pathways [ (PUBMED:1859865) (PUBMED:1840492) ]. The reaction is facilitated by the presence of metal ions [ (PUBMED:8605183) ]. In vertebrates, there are 3 different, tissue-specific isoenzymes, designated alpha, beta and gamma. Alpha is present in most tissues, beta is localised in muscle tissue, and gamma is found only in nervous tissue. The functional enzyme exists as a dimer of any 2 isoforms. In immature organs and in adult liver, it is usually an alpha homodimer, in adult skeletal muscle, a beta homodimer, and in adult neurons, a gamma homodimer. In developing muscle, it is usually an alpha/beta heterodimer, and in the developing nervous system, an alpha/gamma heterodimer [ (PUBMED:3390159) ]. The tissue specific forms display minor kinetic differences. Tau-crystallin, one of the major lens proteins in some fish, reptiles and birds, has been shown [ (PUBMED:3589669) ] to be evolutionary related to enolase.

Neuron-specific enolase is released in a variety of neurological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and after seizures or acute stroke. Several tumour cells have also been found positive for neuron-specific enolase. Beta-enolase deficiency is associated with glycogenosis type XIII defect.

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There are 27109 Enolase_C domains in 27107 proteins in SMART's nrdb database.

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